Happy New Year!

Zestrea imobiliara a bancilor din Romania

Imobile din toate categoriile ( apartamente, complexe rezidentiale, hoteluri, cladiri comerciale si industriale, terenuri si paduri, etc. ) s-au strans si se strang permanent in portofoliile bancilor. Mare parte din aceasta zestre a dus credite neperformante si ajunge la executare silita. Prelungirea recesiunii a generat si va genera inca, falimente si disponibilizari de personal. Clientii bancilor, fie ei persoane fizice sau juridice, fara posibilitatea onorarii obligatiilor asumate prin contractele de credit pun in bratele acestora pachete imobiliare pe care piata le absoarbe cu greu chiar la preturi reduse. Executarea silita a acestei zestre imobiliare are mai multe incoveniente:
- alte insitutii, ca administratiile fiscale, casele de insolventa, etc, ingusteaza si mai mult posibilitatea bancilor de a valorifica prin executare silita zestrea imobiliara in vederea recuperarii banilor imprumutati, deoarece si acestia au imobile care ajung din diverse motive in aceeasi piata a executarilor;
- termene de asteptare mari, primele licitatii nu se concretizeaza de regula intr-o tranzactie ( preturile de pornire fiind cele din rapoartele de evaluare intocmite la acordarea creditelor, sau a celor de reevaluare, care "nu pot" crea provizioane bancilor );
- preturile obtinute ca urmare a unei tranzactii concretizate nu mai acopera valoarea creditelor ramase de recuperat;
- departamentele juridice si de executori bancari sunt inecate in birocratia specifica si mai mult incurca putinii clienti interesati de aceasta zestre;
- clientii care isi adjudeca bunuri imobile intra cu greu in posesia acestora, deoarece executorii bancari nu au autoritatea efectuarii evacuarilor fortate; etc.
" Executarea silita in acest moment... este din ce in ce mai greoaie... Bancile trebuie sa gaseasca solutii pentru salvarea clientilor. " a spus presedintele Asociatiei Romane a Bancilor.
Cine salveaza bancile? Cat vor mai rezista bancile cu credite neperformante din ce in ce mai mari? Cand aceasta zestre povara va fii aruncata pe piata imobiliara?
Pesimismul din aceasta piata, chiar daca este justificat, nu este deloc constructiv. Piata imobiliara, mai devreme sau mai tarziu, va depasi criza.
Este nevoie ca cineva bine pregatit si informat, realist, cu metode simple si eficiente, sa convinga aceasta piata sa depaseasca frica fata de recesiune si sa ocupe locul pe care il merita.

Casele se ieftinesc, materialele de constructii se scumpesc

Un paradox ciudat se semnaleaza nu numai in tara noastra, dar si in alte state europene, daca nu cumva si peste ocean: in timp ce faimoasa criza a locuintelor a dus la prabusirea pretului constructiilor executate, pretul materialelor de constructii creste constant, proportional cu inflatia si cu valoarea combustibililor.
La baza boom-ului imobiliar, evoluat timp de un deceniu, a stat, poate, si lipsa de locuinte, dar, in principal, succesul extraordinar al creditelor ipotecare.

Preturile au explodat, intrucat beneficiarul, creditat cu usurinta de banca, ardea de nerabdare sa aiba o casa noua. Concomitent cu pretul caselor, au crescut vertiginos si preturile materialelor de constructii. Venirea crizei a stopat aceasta cursa.

Dupa ce preturile caselor s-au oprit in loc, a inceput declinul. Robinetul creditelor s-a inchis, iar investitorii s-au vazut nevoiti sa renunte la unele beneficii, numai sa nu ramana cu casa nevanduta.

Constructiile au incetinit, iar furnizorii de materiale au simtit ca raman fara clienti.

Conform legii cererii si a ofertei, furnizorii trebuiau sa coboare pretul. Dar nu s-a intamplat asa. Investitorul, care prevazuse sa vanda la pret dublu sau triplu fata de cat il costase constructia, avea de unde ceda. Fabricantul de materiale, insa, n-avea si nici acum nu are de unde sa cedeze.

Ca urmare, in ultimii ani, pretul constructiilor oferite spre vanzare a scazut la jumatate, iar materialele de constructii s-au scumpit proportional cu inflatia si cu combustibilii.

Trei consecinte

Prima consecinta: constructiile speculative nu mai sunt posibile. Mai asteapta inca nevandute multe din cele existente si, chiar daca ai construit, diferenta dintre costuri si pretul obtinut nu mai este ca pe vremuri. Producatorii de materiale au pierdut o mare categorie de clienti.

A doua consecinta: constructii cu destinatie precisa - indeosebi locuinte - se mai fac, e drept, dar deverul nu se compara cu cel de altadata. Furnizorii de materiale si-au pierdut marii clienti.

A treia consecinta: blocajul. Asta e un fel de criza. Preturile au scazut, proprietarii nu le mai pot cobori, iar doritorii sa cumpere nu mai primesc credite. Constructiile au ajuns sa se vanda sub pretul de cost. In plus, se inregistreaza un numar record de constructii incepute, neterminate si parasite pur si simplu de investitor.

Sunt perspective?

Cel mai ciudat este faptul ca se prevede continuarea paradoxului. Constructiile executate ori se vor vinde la preturi mult sub costuri, iar in acest caz investitorul nu se va reapuca de aceeasi treaba, ori nu se vor vinde deloc.

Ca urmare, investitorul ramane cu arieratele neplatite la furnizori, iar acestia n-au alta solutie decat sa umfle, in continuare, pretul materialelor, ca sa nu falimenteze.

Singura sansa pentru producatorii de materiale este sa castige licitatii la investitiile statului: autostrazi, scoli, drumuri, poduri, stadioane.

Toate studiile arata ca perspectiva caselor este sa se ieftineasca non stop, iar a materialelor sa se scumpeasca in continuare. Paradoxul va continua si nimeni nu poate preciza cat timp. (Ziare.com)

Bulgaria, Romania to Set Up JV to Run New Danube Bridge

The second Bulgaria-Romania bridge should be completed by the end of 2012. Photo by danubebridge2.co

Bulgaria's government has approved a draft agreement with Romania for the creation of a joint venture to operate the future "Danube Bridge 2", the second bridge to link the two Balkan states over the Danube river.
The Cabinet in Sofia has granted a mandate to Transport Minister Ivaylo Moskovski to negotiate the signing of the JV agreement with the Romanian side on the bridge linking Bulgaria's Vidin and Romania's Calafat, the government press service said.
Bulgaria and Romania will have 50/50 shares in the future joint venture that is to maintain Danube Bridge 2 and its adjacent infrastructure along the banks of the Danube.
Sofia and Bucharest are still to agree on the registration and central office of the future company as well as the dispute resolution procedure and the tax rules that it will abide by.
"The agreement for a joint Bulgarian-Romanian venture to manage the new bridge will provide for the necessary legal base and conditions for the efficient management of the international transport infrastructure and reduction of the investment return period," the Bulgarian Cabinet said.
It further stressed that the future Bulgarian-Romanian joint venture is supposed to be formed by the end of 2012, and to take over the Danube bridge, which is being built by Spanish construction company FCC, in 2013.
The construction of the Vidin-Calafat bridge was set to be completed by October 2010, but has been significantly delayed due to technical difficulties and claims by Spanish firm FCC.
The original push for the construction of a second Danube Bridge between Bulgaria and Romania came as a result of the NATO bombing of Milosevic's Yugoslavia in 1999.
After the campaign subsided, however, the procedures for the bridge dragged on. It was supposed to be ready by 2010 but land expropriation procedures and disputes between the Spanish firm FCC and the governments of Bulgaria and Romania obviously delayed the construction.
When finally completed, Danube Bridge 2 will be third ever bridge in the Bulgarian-Romanian section of the Danube in the past 2000 years.
In the 4th century Roman Emperor Constantine I the Great built the largest river bridge in ancient times, Constantine's Bridge on the Danube, which was 2.5 km long, 6 meters wide, and existed in 328 AD - ca. 355 AD.
The "next" bridge (today's Ruse-Giurgiu Bridge) on the Lower Danube, in the Bulgarian-Romanian section of the river was built only in 1954, about 1 600 years later, at the initiative of the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin. (novinite.com)

Did You Know ?

» The Palace of Parliament, located in Bucharest, ranks as the biggest office building in Europe and second-largest in the world, after the U.S. Pentagon?

» Voronet Monastery, located in northeastern Romania, is also known as
the ‘Sistine Chapel of the East’?

» Romania has the second largest underground glacier in Europe (in terms of volume) ?

The 3500-year old Scarisoara glacier, located in the Bihor Mountains – 90 miles southwest of Cluj Napoca - has a volume of 2,649,000 cubic feet (75,000 cubic metres), making it the second largest European underground glacier, after the Eisriesenwelt ice cave in Austria. The 154 foot deep entrance shaft leads to some impressive ice structures, including spectacular 20 foot high ice stalagmites. Scarisoara ice-cave is open to the public.

»The city of Brasov (Transylvania) is home to the largest gothic church between Vienna and Istanbul ? 

Brasov's famous landmark and Romania's leading gothic church, the Black Church was built between 1385 and 1477 and got its nickname after the Great Fire of 1689 blackened its the walls.

» The meaning of the word “Transylvania” is the land beyond the forest?

Transylvania was first referred to in a Medieval Latin document dating from 1075 as Ultra Silvam (Ultra meaning "beyond" or "on the far side of …" and Sylva (sylvam) meaning "wood or forest").

» Romania has the second-largest outdoor museum in the world?

Astra Museum in Sibiu features more than 300 buildings as well as watermills and windmills, gigantic presses for wine, fruit and oil, hydraulic forges and structures representing village architectural styles from many parts of Romania.

» Hollywood’s original Tarzan was born in the city of Timisoara, Romania?

Considered by movie-makers “the only man in Hollywood who’s natural in the flesh and can act without clothes”, Johnny Weissmuller (1904-1984) was a box-office hit in the 1932 Tarzan the Ape Man. The ship's roster from his family's arrival at Ellis Island lists his birthplace as Freidorf, now a district of the city of Timisoara. Freidorf maintains beautiful architecture, old German homes, and lots of green spaces.

» The first fountain pen was invented by Craiova-born Petrache Poenaru
(1799-1875)?

Mr. Poenaru's invention was patented in May 1827.

» The movie Cold Mountain was filmed on location in Romania?

Hollywood celebrities Jude Law, Renee Zellweger and Nicole Kidman relaxed in Poiana Brasov after shooting the film Cold Mountain on location in nearby fields and farms.

» The Romanian city of Timisoara was the first in Europe to have electric street-lighting?

Timisoara was the first European city to introduce horse-drawn trams (in 1869) and electrical street lighting (in 1889).

» The Bruckenthal museum in Sibiu opened its doors to the public three years prior to the Louvre Museum in Paris ?

Founded in 1790 by Samuel Brukenthal, the governor of Transylvania, the museum opened to the public in 1817. It is the oldest museum in Romania and one of the first museums in Europe. The art collection includes paintings by Rubens, Van Dyck and Teniers, as well as works of German, Austrian and Romanian masters.

» Insulin was discovered by a Romanian physiologist ?

Only after two Canadians received a Noble prize, some 50 years later, for the same invention Nicolai Paulescu’s precedence was finally recognized and he was rightfully acknowledged as the true inventor of insulin.

» The jet engine used by modern airplanes was invented by Bucharest-born inventor Henri Coanda ?

Romanian inventor and aerodynamics pioneer, Henri Coanda designed and built in 1910 the world's first jet powered aircraft, known as the Coandă-1910, which he demonstrated publicly at the second International Aeronautic Salon in Paris. Coanda died in Bucharest November 25, 1972 at the age of 86. Romania's main international airport, Henri Coanda, is named after the great inventor.

» Without a Romanian gymnast the computers wouldn’t have had the capability to display a perfect 10 ?

Nadia Camaneci got the first 10 in the history of gymnastics in Montreal in 1976.

» Universal literature found valuable sources of inspiration in Romania's
castles ?

The most famous novels written are "The Castle in the Carpathians" by Jules Verne, and "Dracula" by Bram Stoker.

» Romania features the youngest continental land (Danube Delta) in Europe ?

The mighty Danube River flows 1,788 miles from its springs in Germany’s Black Forest to the Black Sea. Just before reaching the sea it forms the second largest and best preserved of Europe's deltas: 2,200 square miles of rivers, canals, marshes, tree-fringed lakes and reed islands. The Danube Delta is a wildlife enthusiast’s (especially a bird watcher’s) paradise. Formed over a period of more than 10,000 years, the Danube Delta continues to grow due to the 67 million tons of alluvia deposited every year by the Danube River.

» Brasov is home to what is said to be the narrowest street in Europe ?

The Rope Street (Strada Sforii) is approximately four feet wide and links Cerbului Street with Poarta Schei Street. The street was initially used as an access route by firefighters.

» Ten U.S. cities have ‘sisters’ in Romania ?

Here is the active list from the 2008 Membership Guide of Sister Cities International:
Baia Mare         - Hollywood, FL
Bistrita              - Columbus, GA
Brasov              - Cleveland, Ohio
Bucharest         - Atlanta, GA
Cluj Napoca      - Columbia SC
Contanta          - Mobile, AL
Medias             - Mineral Wells, TX
Pitesti               - Springfield, OH
Sibiu                 - Columbia, MO

(Romaniatourism.com)

Putem folosi aurul pentru a iesi din criza?

Criza economica afecteaza din ce in ce mai mult tarile din Uniunea Europeana, datoriile externe ale unor state depasind chiar 100% din produsul intern brut. In conditiile in care guvernele din UE detin o importanta cantitate de aur, aceasta rezerva, considerata una din cele mai sigure, poate fi folosita pentru a combate criza?
Tari precum Spania, Italia sau Franta, care au datorii imense si care se imprumuta la costuri extrem de ridicate, nu ar putea folosi aceasta metoda, potrivit specialistilor.

Aceste state nu detin rezerve de aur atat de multe, incat sa poata cumpara intreaga datorie. Chiar daca ar vinde toata rezerva, nu ar reusi sa echilibreze economia decat pe un termen foarte scurt.

"Aceasta miscare nu are cum sa schimbe prea mult lucrurile", a declarat profesorul de economie de la Universitatea Harvard, Kenneth Rogoff, citat de Wall Street Journal.

Expertii considera ca europenii nu ar trebui sa se bazeze pe tranzactiile cu aur, deoarece realitatile financiare si politice vor face si mai dificile aceste operatiuni.

Daca incerci sa vinzi aur sau daca vrei sa il folosesti ca garantie pentru un imprumut, te vei expune extrem de mult. Acest gest ar fi interpretat drept unul disperat si va duce la cresterea costurilor de imprumut, iar investitorii isi vor pierde interesul.

Guvernele, bancile centrale si institutiile financiare multilaterale, precum Fondul Monetar International, detin aproape 18% din rezerva globala de aur, conform World Gold Council.

Italia detine a treia rezerva de aur, dupa Statele Unite si Germania, fiind urmata de Franta. Portugalia este pozitionata pe locul 12 in acest clasament, iar Grecia, care are cele mai mari probleme financiare, se afla in primii 30, inaintea unor tari bogate, precum Australia, sau a unor state emergente, ca Brazilia.

Insa, pentru natiunile puternic indatorate, va fi foarte greu sa convinga investitorii ca aurul reprezinta solutia iesirii din criza.

Avantajul acestei rezerve ar fi ca pretul a crescut cu peste 17% numai in acest an. Astfel, cantitatea de aur a Italiei, care este evaluata la 134 miliarde de dolari, valora, in 2000, doar 21 miliarde de dolari.

Chiar daca aceste sume sunt mari, ele nu reprezinta decat un mic procent din PIB, insuficiente pentru a acoperi datoria externa.

De exmplu, rezervele de aur ale Portugaliei reprezinta 9,3% din PIB, in schimb, datoria externa depaseste 90% din PIB, conform datelor Fondului Monetar International.

O situatie similara este si in Italia. Cantitatea de aur detinuta de acest Guvern este de 6,7% din PIB, iar datoria externa a ajuns la 119% din PIB.

In plus, statele membre UE au acceptat impunerea unor restrictii in privinta utilizarii rezervelor de aur, atunci cand au lansat moneda euro.

"Tratatul european interzice finantarea operatiilor guvernamentale prin vanzarea aurului detinut in bancile centrale, unde sunt cele mai mari rezerve", a explicat directorul de afaceri al consiliului aurului, Natalie Dempster.

Protejarea monedei euro

Folosirea aurului pentru a finanta operatiunile statului nu reprezinta o optiune, aceasta rezerva este folosita, in principal, pentru protejarea monedei euro, considera Dempster.

Exista cateva bariere care impiedica natiunile sa foloseasca aurul ca garantie pentru a se imprumuta la costuri mai mici. Insa statele europene ar putea transfera, cel putin teoretic, o parte din rezerve, pe care le-ar putea utiliza, ulterior, ca sa asigure o tranzactie de obligatiuni. Insa aceasta miscare nu ar trebui sa afecteze pretul si politica economica a tarilor UE.

In plus, exista un acord semnat de majoritatea statelor europene, care, la fel ca tratatul de la Lisabona, limiteaza tranzactiile cu aur.

Iar, daca o tara va reusi sa depaseasca toate aceste obstacole, oficialii se vor infrunta cu un vot negativ in privinta utilizarii acestei rezerve pentru a cumpara datoria externa.

Marti, pretul aurului a fost de 176,5171 lei/gram, fata de 143,9244 lei/gram, cat a fost cotat in aceeasi perioada a anului trecut. (Ziare.com)